In December 2023, Indian authorities continued to commit grave human rights violations in Indian-administered Kashmir (IAK). Indian forces killed at least five individuals, including three civilians who were killed in army custody. Indian authorities also continued to arbitrarily detain people and expropriate property based on purported links to terrorism. Indian authorities continued to target social media dissent through criminal charges, expand their digital surveillance capabilities including through AI-based facial recognition technology, and deny fundamental political rights in IAK, including through banning of two more pro-self-determination political parties.

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