By fiat, this order previously inapplicable Indian laws to Indian-Administered Jammu and Kashmir, including laws that relate to ownership of real property and criminal procedure.  This facilitates forced demographic change and settler colonial activity while furthering the colonial domination, dispossession, disempowerment and marginalization of the territory’s indigenous people.  It is a major violation of international humanitarian law, human rights, indigenous rights, treaty obligations and constitutional guarantees.

Topics: changing the laws in force in occupied territory, international humanitarian law violation, no consent of governed, violation of economic rights, violation of social rights, demographic change, settler colonialism, land expropriation, forced demographic change, colonial domination, dispossession, disempowerment, marginalization, indigenous rights

By fiat, the Government of India overhauled the apparatuses of civil administration in Indian-Administered Jammu and Kashmir, including by creating new “District Development Councils.”   This is a major violation of international humanitarian law, human rights, indigenous rights, treaty obligations and constitutional guarantees.

Topics: changing the laws in force in occupied territory, international humanitarian law violation, no consent of governed, violation of political rights, colonial domination, disempowerment, marginalization, indigenous rights

By fiat, the Government of India implemented a number of substantial changes to applicable law in Indian-Administered Jammu and Kashmir.  The Government of India imposed 11 Indian “central” laws to the territory.  The Government of India also amended 10 previously existing laws applicable to the territory.  Among the most substantial changes was the imposition of a previously politically untenable property tax. This is a major violation of international humanitarian law, human rights, indigenous rights, treaty obligations and constitutional guarantees.

Topics: changing the laws in force in occupied territory, international humanitarian law violation, no consent of governed, violation of economic rights, violation of cultural rights, violation of social rights, colonial domination, dispossession, disempowerment, marginalization, right to education, indigenous rights

By fiat, the Government of India enacted this Act making Hindi an “official” language of the region.  While Hindi is widely spoken in Northern India and promoted by Hindu supremacists and the BJP, there is no indigenous Hindi-speaking community in the region. At the same time, languages spoken by indigenous people of the region, like Gojri, Pahari and Punjabi, were excluded.  Those excluded languages had previously a recognized official status under law.

Topics: changing the laws in force in occupied territory, international humanitarian law violation, no consent of governed, violation of economic rights, violation of cultural rights, violation of social rights, demographic change, settler colonialism, forced demographic change, colonial domination, disempowerment, marginalization, indigenous rights

Order imposing a curfew on Srinagar because, among other reasons, people were “planning to observe 5th August 2020 as a Black Day.”

Topics: violation of political rights, violation of right to free expression, violation of right to free assembly, violation of freedom of movement, colonial domination, Criminal Procedure Code Section 144